services
Building
Building is the general terminology used for construction; it covers a wide variety of construction work, for example, a garden wall, a single building or project, or a housing estate of 250 homes.
Architecture
This is the design side of construction. It relies on professional architects and technicians who provide a design service for clients and strive to produce a design that meets the needs of the client, while being eye catching and sustainable. In the IRAQ there is a wide range of architecture spanning hundreds of years, from old buildings that survived to modern cities, such as Milton Keynes.
Planning
Planning is the process of controlling a built environment project. Quality planning is essential to every construction or building project. A buiIt environment project requires labour, plant, materials and subcontractors. Planning is necessary to coordinate, control, forecast and communicate a contract programme. A plan enables smooth progress of production on site, highlights problems that need to be solved and helps keep everyone informed and updated.
Building Services Engineering
This covers the services that support a building, for example, the heating , lighting and waste disposal. Services can be simple or very complex, for example, lift systems, escalators, intelligent boiler systems and automatic window-opening systems. Some services, such as fire alarms, continuously monitor the surroundings to keep occupants at the right temperature, comfortable and safe.
Facilities and Estate Management
A building needs to be maintained (looked after) during its life. Some items need to be replaced when they wear out or break, and others, such as fi re extinguishers, must be replaced more frequently for safety reasons. An estate manager oversees a team of people who undertake the care and maintenance of a large commercial building, for example, a college or university. Facilities management involves letting out to contractors various activities that occur within a building, and managing and monitoring their performance. For example, in a large hospital complex, the cleaning, portering , air conditioning and laundry may be run by several contractors under the direction and control of a facilities manager.
Surveying
This is the activity of measuring the land, the building and any external works, as well as the setting out of the building, its associated external works and any other items needed to be placed in position relative to the architect‟s drawings. Surveying requires the use of tools such as levels, tapes and theodolites
to measure lengths and angles, and to calculate areas and volumes. The people involved in this activity are known as surveyors.
This activity area involves considerably larger projects that are not classified as buildings, for example:
- large earthworks such as motorway embankments and cuttings
- water works such as reservoirs and harbours
- large concrete works such as dams
- other infrastructure works such as roads and
The people who are involved in this work are known as civil engineers.
Structural engineering is the process of using mathematics to design and detail a structure in order to make it stable, able to support its loads and safe for the occupants.
Highways engineers
Highways are the road networks of the IRAQ. They include every size of road, for example, small estate roads, major trunk roads, dual carriageways and motorways. Highways engineers are responsible for the construction of this infrastructure in accordance with drawings and safety legislation. This involves setting out and monitoring the work, as well as the construction and maintenance of the roadway and any bridges over it
